This thesis aims to develop an innovative technological foundation to advance the urban wave propagation tools developed by the CSTB. These tools, used for acoustic mapping, electromagnetic mapping, and auralization, are currently based on simulation methods whose geometric engine has changed little over the past fifteen years. They are now entering a phase of relative obsolescence in the face of evolving 3D data models and new application requirements.

The main objective of the thesis is to design and develop a fully 3D computational method for wave propagation in urban environments, balancing physical accuracy and computational performance.

More specifically, the thesis will: 
- Proposing a method for calculating point-to-point 3D propagation paths;
- Improving the calculation of reflection and diffraction phenomena;
- Overcoming the limitations of currently used 2D+1D approaches;
- Exploiting the physical characteristics of propagation (acoustic and electromagnetic) to optimize performance and limit the use of fixed geometric parameters;
- Designing a 3D geometric engine capable of handling large urban scenes with controlled computational costs;

The scientific challenge, therefore, is to develop a high-performance 3D engine capable of handling real-world configurations without excessive simplification, while ensuring computation times that are suitable for industrial applications.